Home/Practice Areas/Business & Civil Litigation/Business formation

Business formation

Filing the entity takes an afternoon. The documents that decide what happens when the owners stop agreeing are the reason to involve a lawyer.

Business & Civil Litigation

The filing is the easy part, and it is not the part that protects you.

Anyone can file a certificate of formation with the Texas Secretary of State. What that filing does not do is decide who can bind the company, how profits are split, what happens when one owner wants out or stops working, or how the business is valued if someone dies or divorces. Those questions get answered either in a governing document written while everyone is friendly, or in litigation later.

Choosing the structure

Limited liability company

The default choice for most Texas businesses: liability protection, flexible management and pass-through taxation, governed by a company agreement.

Corporation

For businesses raising outside investment or issuing stock, with a board, bylaws and formalities that have to be observed to mean anything.

Partnerships

General and limited partnerships, including the general partnership you may have formed by accident simply by going into business with someone.

Series LLC

A Texas structure that isolates assets in separate series — useful for real estate holdings, and unforgiving if the series are not maintained separately.

What we prepare alongside the filing

  • Company agreement or bylaws — management, voting, distributions, transfer restrictions and deadlock provisions.
  • Buy-sell provisions — what happens on death, disability, divorce, bankruptcy or an owner simply wanting out, and how the price is determined before anyone has an interest in the answer.
  • Owner agreements: capital contributions, sweat equity, what happens if an owner stops contributing, and non-competition and confidentiality terms drafted to be enforceable in Texas.
  • Registered agent, EIN, assumed name certificates and franchise tax registration.
  • Contract templates the business will use daily — client agreements, service terms and independent contractor agreements.

Keeping the liability shield intact

The protection an entity provides is lost by behaving as though it does not exist: paying personal expenses from the business account, undercapitalising it, signing contracts personally instead of as an officer, and ignoring the formalities in the governing documents. Those are the facts a plaintiff's lawyer uses to reach an owner personally, and avoiding them costs nothing.

Related documents

Common questions

Which entity should I choose?

For most Texas businesses an LLC, because of liability protection and flexibility. Corporations suit businesses raising outside investment.

Can I form the entity myself?

You can. What a filing service will not give you is the governing document that decides what happens when the owners disagree.

Do I need an LLC for a small side business?

It depends on your exposure. If the work can injure someone or generate a contract dispute, the separation is worth having before something happens.

What keeps my liability protection intact?

Not treating the company as your wallet: separate accounts, adequate capital, signing as an officer, and following the formalities in your own documents.

What is a registered agent?

The person or company designated to receive legal notices for the entity. Using a reliable one is how businesses avoid default judgments they never saw coming.

What is a series LLC?

A Texas structure isolating assets in separate series, useful for real estate holdings and unforgiving if the series are not genuinely kept separate.

We have been operating without any agreement.

Then default rules govern, and they may not resemble what you both believe you agreed. It is fixable now and not fixable once there is a dispute.

What is a buy-sell provision?

The terms deciding what happens on an owner's death, disability, divorce or exit, and how the interest is valued — agreed before anyone has an interest in the answer.

Do I need an assumed name filing?

If you trade under a name other than the entity's legal name, yes. It is a small filing that avoids awkward problems with banks and contracts.

What should we have in place from day one?

The entity, a governing agreement, an EIN, the right registrations, and the contract templates the business will actually use with customers.

Free Consultation

Tell us what happened. We will tell you where you stand.

Available 24/7 · Office hours Monday to Friday, 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM